ANALYSIS OF THE ACCELERATION OF TIME AND COST OF IMPLEMENTING BUILDING CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS USING THE CRITICAL PATH METHOD (CPM) METHOD

This study aims to obtain the form of project work network in the Probolinggo City Hospital Development Project, to determine the effect of accelerating the duration of Probolinggo City Hospital Development work on network planning and to find out the amount of costs incurred before and after the acceleration of the duration of project work. The method used is the acceleration method with modification of the scheduling of the CPM model. CPM method planning is a recommendation in choosing from many existing methods, because there is a calculation of the earliest time the project starts, the last time the project starts as well as the earliest time to finish and the last time to finish so that it can be known the time lag of all activities. Data Used are primary and secondary data related to the sequence and relationship of activities, implementation time and cost budget plan (RAB). In this thesis, the author takes scheduling data from the Probolinggo City Hospital Development Project which will be used as the basis for writing this thesis in conducting CPM analysis and accelerating the duration of work with additional overtime working hours and calculating the total cost of the acceleration to be used as comparison material in the writing results. Based on the analysis that has been carried out using the Microsoft Project 2016 application, the normal duration of structural work is 81 working days and has 18 critical units of 31 work items. After the acceleration was carried out, there was a decrease in the duration of the work of the structure to 74 working days. The difference in duration decrease was 7 days or 9.45%. The total initial cost with the normal duration for structural work is IDR 28,563,131,560, while after acceleration, the project cost for structural work becomes IDR 28,635,083,793


INTRODUCTION
Project scheduling is an activity that sets the timeframe of project activities to be completed, raw materials, labor and time required by each activity. Scheduling is necessary so that project implementation can continue to take place according to the schedule plan that has been made. However, often project scheduling experiences problems, one of which is the occurrence of delays. Scheduling delays can adversely affect quality, time and cost. The construction of the Probolinggo City Hospital was delayed so that there was a minus deviation in progress due to the difference in the time of work implementation between the contractor's offer and those in the contract, resulting in disruption to the start of work implementation and due to the cash flow of underprivileged contractors. It is feared that the retreat of the implementation schedule may interfere with the implementation of the project, therefore it is necessary to accelerate the duration by using the Critical Path Method (CPM) to analyze the acceleration of the duration and its impact on costs. It is hoped that the results of this research can add insight for students, especially academics, about the analysis of a project using the CPM Method.
It is expected to provide information or recommendations to the relevant institutions (further research) regarding critical pathways and ways to accelerate project implementation, especially in structural work.
It is expected to provide information or recommendations to the owner, implementing contractor and MK consultants regarding critical paths and ways to accelerate project implementation, especially in structural work. According to Husen (2009), a project is a combination of resources such as material people, equipment, and capital / costs that are collected in a temporary organizational forum to achieve goals and objectives.
A project is an effort carried out in a responsible way to produce a product, service that produces a certain result (Lewis, 2005).
Defined as a systematic effort to determine standards that are in accordance with the goals and objectives of planning, designing information systems, comparing implementation with standards, analyzing possible deviations, then carrying out the necessary corrective actions so that resources can be used effectively and efficiently in order to achieve goals and objectives (Mockler, 1972).
Project scheduling is the activity of establishing the timeframe of project activities to be completed, raw materials, labor as well as the time required by each activity.
States that network planning is a tool used to plan, schedule and control the progress of a project. Here are some of the terms used to network the project (Gray and Larson, 2006).
Network Diagram is a visualization of a project based on network planning. Network Diagram is a network that contains the trajectories of activities and sequences of events that exist during the project organizer. Network Diagram consists of activity Defines CPM as a project management model that prioritizes cost as the object being analyzed. CPM is a network analysis that seeks to optimize the total cost of a project through a reduction in the total completion time of the project. The use of the CPM method can save time in completing various stages of a project (Siswanto, 2007). Microsoft Project is software that can be used to design projects and manage the project. The completeness of facilities and its extraordinary ability in processing project data make this software the most widely used by computer operators because its existence is able to help and facilitate users in completing work, especially identifying critical work and related to project data (Setiawan, 2009).

RESEARCH METHOD
The research location is located on Jalan Profesor Hamka, Karenglor Village, Kedupak District, Probolinggo City. The research time is two months, starting from October to November 2022.
In this study, the Critical Path method (CPM) method will be used. In this method, there are two kinds of estimated time and cost for each activity. To find out the steps that will be carried out in this study, namely (Heizer and Render, 2015): 1. Define the project and define the working fractional structure of all structural activities contained in the project; 2. Determine which activities should be worked on first and which ones should follow the old activities; 3. Describes a network that connects all activities or creates a network diagram; 4. Determine the critical path to be used to assist in project scheduling re-planning

RESULT AND DISCUSSION General Project Data
The project that is the object of research is the Probolinggo City Hospital Development Project. The location of the Probolinggo City Hospital Development Project is located on Jalan Profesor Hamka, Karenglor Village, Kedupak District, Probolinggo City.   Based on the table above, there is a critical trajectory where the critical trajectory is the one that has a total value of slack = 0. The following is an explanation of the results of the calculation of the total float above: a. Critical Path is, a path that has total slack = 0 i.e. , B -D -E -F -G -H -J -K -M -N -O -P -Q -R -S -T -U -V ; b. The normal time of completion on the work of the structure is 81 days; After a critical trajectory is found, and the normal time of completion of the structural work, the next step is to calculate the acceleration of the duration of the work by adding overtime working hours.

Accelerating Project Duration
Duration of Work With Additional Overtime Working Hours, For the calculation of the duration of accelerated time is carried out by assuming the amount of duration according to the circumstances in the field. This type of accelerated activity in the Probolinggo City Hospital Development Project is work that is on a critical track.